This article provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary strategies for engineering central carbon metabolism (CCM) in microbial hosts to enhance the production of pharmaceuticals and high-value chemicals. It explores the fundamental principles of CCM pathways, details advanced methodological tools for pathway manipulation and dynamic control, addresses common optimization challenges and troubleshooting approaches, and discusses validation techniques for assessing engineering success. Tailored for researchers, scientists, and drug development professionals, this review synthesizes recent advances in metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and systems-level analysis, offering a roadmap for designing efficient microbial cell factories for sustainable biomanufacturing.
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